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What are STEM subjects?

The demand for STEM degree graduates is increasing year by year. But what exactly are STEM subjects, and why study them?

Jamie Dobbs
by Jamie Dobbs
Last Updated:
29 Feb 2024

What are STEM subjects?


STEM stands for science, technology, engineering and mathematics. It covers any subjects that fall within these categories. Common STEM subjects include:

  • Biology
  • Biomedical sciences
  • Chemistry
  • Civil engineering
  • Computer science
  • Design and technology
  • Economics
  • Electrical engineering
  • Finance
  • Information technology
  • Mathematics
  • Mechanical engineering
  • Physics
  • Psychology
  • Statistics

Why study STEM subjects?


Transferable skills


STEM subjects teach you important transferable skills that include critical thinking, problem solving and teamwork. These skills can be applied to different professions, and throughout your life. Studying a STEM degree will also demonstrate your ability to manage a heavy workload and stay motivated.

Employability


Employers value the transferable skills acquired through a STEM degree, opening doors to jobs within STEM fields once you graduate. You won’t be restricted to working within a STEM field. Studying a STEM subject can make you an ideal candidate for roles outside of STEM.

Demand for STEM graduates


There are more and more job opportunities becoming available for STEM graduates, given the rapid rate at which science and technology is developing. It's one of the quickest growing sectors, with lots of job opportunities. And, due to the specialised skills required for a lot of roles within STEM, you can expect well-paid roles as well.

The demand for STEM graduates remains high, even since the pandemic. Covid has highlighted the need for new science and technology, which has resulted in new employment opportunities.

Meaningful change


Studying a STEM subject can lead to a career making meaningful change. If you decide to study engineering, you might use your skills to develop new ways of accessing clean water. Graduating with a biomedical sciences degree might lead to a career in improving the human immune system.

What jobs can STEM subjects lead to?


STEM degree graduates can move into many different jobs based on what they studied. Notable STEM-related jobs include:

  • Biomedical scientist
  • Civil engineer
  • Data analyst
  • Dentist
  • Mathematician
  • Physician
  • Psychologist
  • Radiologist
  • Software developer

You may also find some more niche career paths based on your STEM degree, such as:

  • Ethical hacker
  • Fragrance chemist
  • Roller coaster engineer

Jobs outside of STEM that graduates move into include marketing, communications, human resources and more. You’ll broaden your choice of employment if you can demonstrate to an employer how the skills you’ve gained through your STEM degree would make you a good fit for their vacant role.

How much can you earn with a STEM degree?


Job search site Graduate Jobs found these STEM industries to have these average graduate salaries in 2023:

  • Science and technology (£29,069)
  • Computing and IT (£28,146)
  • Research and analysis (£27,895)
  • Engineering (£27,920)
  • Internet and digital media (£28,486)

What subjects do you need to study for a STEM degree?


Entry requirements will be different for the various STEM degrees offered. Make sure you check these on the university course pages when you search for courses using our course search tool.

Start searching for courses now.

A-levels


Many science-based degrees ask for an A-level in at least one science subject. Some courses will ask for at least two science-based A-levels with a minimum grade of A or B for both. Most technology, engineering and maths-based degrees will need at least a maths A-level and sometimes a science-based A-level.

BTECS


You’ll need a science-based BTEC for most science degrees. Engineering degrees will often ask for an engineering-based BTEC qualification, while maths and technology degrees will need a BTEC in maths or a science-based subject. Courses with higher entry requirements may want your BTEC to be accompanied by either A-level maths or an A-level science subject.

GCSEs


Most STEM degrees will want you to have achieved at least a grade C/4 for five of your GCSEs. You’ll need GCSEs in English and maths. Some science, technology and engineering degrees will ask for a specific science GCSE with a minimum grade.

International Baccalaureate


STEM degrees in science usually ask for a particular science subject and/or maths studied at Higher Level. You’ll need a minimum grade of 5 or 6 in most cases. STEM degrees in technology, engineering and maths may want you to have studied maths and/or a particular science at Higher Level, achieving a minimum grade of 5 or 6.

Any related work experience or volunteering will also boost your STEM degree application. Use your personal statement and your interview (if you’re asked to attend one) as opportunities to discuss your experience and demonstrate your interest in STEM.

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Search available STEM degrees at university

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